TIMELINE THIS DAY IN HISTORY EVENTS, BIRTHDAYS,
DEATHS OCTOBER 6th:
(primary sources Wikipedia and Google
Images plus more)
69 BC – Third Mithridatic War: Forces
of the Roman Republic subdue Armenia. The Battle of Tigranocerta was
fought on 6 October 69 BC between the forces of the Roman Republic
and the army of the Kingdom of Armenia led by King Tigranes the
Great. The Roman force was led by Consul Lucius Licinius Lucullus,
and Tigranes was defeated.
“... Despite the heavy losses
Tigranes suffered, the battle did not end the war. In retreating
northwards, Tigranes and Mithridates were able to elude Lucullus'
forces, though losing again against the Romans during the battle of
Artashat. In 68, Lucullus' forces began to mutiny, longing to
return home, and he withdrew them from Armenia the following year...
...The battle is highlighted by many historians specifically because
Lucullus overcame the numerical odds facing his army. The Italian
philosopher Niccolò Machiavelli remarked upon the battle in his
book, The Art of War, where he critiqued Tigranes' heavy reliance on
his cavalry over his infantry...”
AD 23 – Rebels decapitate Wang Mang
two days after his capital was sacked during a peasant rebellion.
1539 – Spain's DeSoto expedition
takes over the Apalachee capital of Anhaica for their winter
quarters. Anhaica (also known as Iviahica, Yniahico, and pueblo of
Apalache) was the principal town of the Apalachee people, located in
what is now Tallahassee, Florida. In the early period of Spanish
colonization, it was the capital of the Apalachee Province. The site,
now known as Martin Archaeological Site, was rediscovered in 1988.
1600 – Euridice, the earliest
surviving opera, receives its première performance, beginning the
Baroque period.
1683 – Immigrant families found
Germantown, Pennsylvania in
the first major immigration of German people to America. Germantown
has played a significant role in American history; it was the
birthplace of the
American antislaverymovement,
the site of a Revolutionary War battle, the temporary residence of
George Washington, the location of the first bank of the United
States, and the residence of many notable politicians, scholars,
artists, and social activists. The 1688 Germantown
Quaker PetitionAgainstSlavery
was the first protest against African-American slavery made by a
religious body in the English colonies.
1789 – French Revolution: King Louis
XVI is forced to change his residence from Versailles to the
Tuileries Palace.
1849 – The execution of the 13
Martyrs of Arad after the Hungarian war of independence. The Thirteen
Martyrs of Arad were the thirteen
Hungarian rebel generals who were executed by the Austrian Empire on
6 October 1849 in the city of Arad, then part of the Kingdom of
Hungary (now in Romania), after the Hungarian Revolution (1848–1849).
The execution was ordered by the Austrian general Julius Jacob von
Haynau. Hungarians have come to regard the thirteen rebel generals as
martyrs for defending the cause of freedom and independence for their
people. Not all the generals were ethnic Hungarians, but they fought
for the cause of an independent and — for its age — liberal
Hungary. In this regard Baron Gyula Ottrubay Hruby who was also
executed in Arad, was actually Czech, and spoke in German. The
anniversary of their execution is remembered on October 6 as a day of
mourning for Hungary.
1884 – The Naval War College of the
United States is founded in Rhode Island.
1898 – Phi Mu Alpha Sinfonia, the
largest American music fraternity, is founded at the New England
Conservatory of Music. Phi Mu Alpha Sinfonia Fraternity of America
(also known as Phi Mu Alpha Sinfonia, Phi Mu Alpha, or simply
Sinfonia) (ΦΜΑ) is an American collegiate social fraternity for
men with a special interest in music. The fraternity is open to men
"who, through a love for music, can assist in the fulfillment of
[its] Object and ideals either by adopting music as a profession, or
by working to advance the cause of music in America." Phi Mu
Alpha has initiated more than 260,000 members, known as
Sinfonians, and the fraternity currently has over 7,000 active
collegiate members in 249 collegiate chapters throughout the United
States.
1903 – The High Court of Australia
sits for the first time.
1908 – The Bosnian crisis erupts when
Austria-Hungary formally annexes Bosnia and Herzegovina.
1923 – The Turkish National Movement
enters Constantinople. The Turkish National Movement (Turkish: Türk
Ulusal Hareketi) encompasses the political and military activities of
the Turkish revolutionaries that resulted in the creation and shaping
of the modern Republic of Turkey, as a consequence of the defeat of
the Ottoman Empire in World War I and the subsequent occupation of
Constantinople and partitioning of the Ottoman Empire by the Allies
under the terms of the Armistice of Mudros.
1927 – Opening of The Jazz Singer,
the first prominent "talkie" movie. The Jazz Singer is a
1927 American musical drama film directed by Alan Crosland. It is the
first feature-length motion picture with not only a synchronized
recorded music score but also lip-synchronous singing and speech in
several isolated sequences. Its release heralded the commercial
ascendance of sound films and ended the silent film era. 1927: The
Jazz Singer -
How The Movies Learnt To Talk.
1943 – World War II: Thirteen
civilians are burnt alive by a paramilitary group in Crete.
1973 – Egypt and Syria launch
coordinated attacks against Israel, beginning the
Yom Kippur War.
1976 – Cubana de Aviación Flight 455
is destroyed by two bombs, placed on board by an anti-Castro militant
group.
1976 – Premier Hua Guofeng arrests
the Gang of Four, ending the
Cultural Revolution in China.
The Gang of Four was a political faction composed of four
Chinese Communist Party officials. They came to prominence during the
Cultural Revolution (1966–76) and were later charged with a series of treasonous
crimes.
1976 – Dozens are killed by the Thai
army in the
Thammasat University massacre.
The Thammasat University massacre (in Thailand known simply as the 6
October event, Thai:
เหตุการณ์
6
ตุลา RTGS: het kan hok
tula) was an attack by Thai state forces and far-right paramilitaries
on student protesters on the campus of Thammasat University and the
adjacent Sanam Luang Square in Bangkok, Thailand, on 6 October 1976.
Prior to the massacre, four to five thousand students from various
universities had demonstrated for more than a week against the return
of former military dictator Thanom Kittikachorn to Thailand from
Singapore.
A day before the massacre, the Thai
press reported on a play staged by student protesters the previous
day, which allegedly featured the mock hanging of then Crown Prince
Vajiralongkorn. In response to this rumored outrage, military and
police, as well as paramilitary forces surrounded the university.
Just before dawn on 6 October, the attack on the student protesters
began and continued until noon. To this day, the number of casualties
remains in dispute between the Thai government and survivors of the
massacre. According to the government, 46 died in the killings, with
167 wounded and 3,000 arrested. Many survivors claim that the death
toll was well over 100.
1979 –
Pope John Paul II becomes the first
pontiff to visit the White House. He was one of the most travelled
world leaders in history, visiting 129 countries during his
pontificate. As part of his special emphasis on the universal call to
holiness, he beatified 1,340 and canonised 483 people, more than the
combined tally of his predecessors during the preceding five
centuries.
1981 – Egyptian President
Anwar Sadat is murdered by Islamic
extremists.
1985 – Police constable Keith
Blakelock is murdered as riots erupt in the Broadwater Farm suburb of
London. The riot broke out after a local black woman died of heart
failure during a police search of her home, and took place against a
backdrop of unrest in several English cities and a breakdown of
relations between the police and some black people.
On Saturday, 5 October 1985, a week
after the Brixton riot, police arrested Floyd Jarrett, a 24-year-old
black man from Tottenham, on suspicion of being in a stolen car. It
was a suspicion that turned out to be groundless, but a decision was
made several hours later to search the home of his mother, Cynthia
Jarrett, for stolen goods. In the course of the search she collapsed
and died of heart failure.
The
1981 Brixton riot, or Brixton
uprising, was a confrontation between the Metropolitan Police and
protesters in Brixton, South London, England, between 10 and 12 April
1981. The main riot on 11 April, dubbed "Bloody Saturday"
by Time magazine, resulted in almost 280 injuries to police and 45
injuries to members of the public; over a hundred vehicles were
burned, including 56 police vehicles; almost 150 buildings were
damaged, with thirty burned. There were 82 arrests. Reports suggested
that up to 5,000 people were involved.
1987 – Fiji becomes a republic.
1995 – The first planet orbiting
another sun, 51 Pegasi b, is discovered.
2007 – Jason Lewis completes the
first human-powered circumnavigation of the Earth.
Expedition 360 is
the name of a successful attempt by Briton Jason Lewis to be the
first person to circumnavigate the globe using only human power –
no motors or sails. Jason Lewis FRSGS (born 13 September 1967) is an
English award-winning author, explorer and sustainability
campaigner credited with being the first person to circumnavigate the
globe by human power. He is also the first person to cross
North America on inline skates (1996), and the first to cross the
Pacific Ocean by pedal power (2000). Together with Stevie Smith,
Lewis completed the first crossing of the Atlantic Ocean from
mainland Europe to North America by human power (1995).
2010 –
Instagram, a mainstream
photo-sharing application, is founded. Instagram is a photo and video-sharing social networking service
owned by Facebook, Inc. It was created by Kevin Systrom and Mike
Krieger, and launched in October 2010 exclusively on iOS.
1510 – Rowland Taylor,
English priest and martyr (d. 1555) Rowland Taylor (sometimes spelled
"Tayler") (6 October 1510 – 9 February 1555) was an
English Protestant martyr during the Marian Persecutions.... Protestants were executed under heresy
laws during persecutions against Protestant religious reformers for
their religious denomination during the reigns of Henry VIII
(1509–1547) and Mary I of England (1553–1558). Radical Christians
also were executed, though in much smaller numbers, during the reigns
of Edward VI (1547–1553), Elizabeth I (during whose reign,
1558–1603, some Roman Catholics also were executed, charged with
treason), and James I (1603–1625). The excesses of this period were
recorded in
Foxe's Book of Martyrs. Protestants in England and Wales were
executed under legislation that punished anyone judged guilty of
heresy against Catholicism. Although the standard penalty for those
convicted of treason in England at the time was execution by being
hanged, drawn and quartered, this legislation adopted the punishment
of burning the condemned. At least 300 people were recognised as
burned over the five years of Mary I's reign by contemporary sources.
HAPPY BIRTHDAY OCTOBER 6th:
1565 – Marie de Gournay, French
writer (d. 1645)Marie de Gournay; 6 October 1565, Paris – 13 July
1645) was a French writer, who wrote a novel and a number of other
literary compositions, including The Equality of Men and Women, 1622) and The Ladies'
Grievance (Grief des dames, 1626). She insisted that women should
be educated. Gournay was also an editor and commentator of Michel de
Montaigne. After Montaigne's death, Gournay edited and published his
Essays.
1591 Settimia Caccini (6 October 1591 –
ca. 1638, Italy) was a well-known Italian singer and composer during
the 1600s being one of the first women to have a successful career in
music.
1826 Géraud de Cordemoy (6 October
1626 in Paris – 15 October 1684 in Paris) was a French philosopher,
historian and lawyer. He is mainly known for his works in metaphysics
and for his theory of language. Also one of the founders of what is
called "occasionalism".
Occasionalism is a philosophical
theory about causation which says that created substances cannot be
efficient causes of events. Instead, all events are taken to be
caused directly by God. (A related theory, which has been called
"occasional causation", also denies a link of efficient
causation between mundane events, but may differ as to the identity
of the true cause that replaces them. The theory states that the
illusion of efficient causation between mundane events arises out of
God's causing of one event after another. However, there is no
necessary connection between the two: it is not that the first event
causes God to cause the second event: rather, God first causes one
and then causes the other.
1729 – Sarah Crosby, English
preacher, the first female Methodist preacher (d. 1804)
1773 John MacCulloch FRS (6 October
1773 – 21 August 1835) was a Scottish geologist. He was the first
geologist to be employed by the government in Britain and is best
known for his pioneering texts on geology and for producing the first
geological maps of Scotland. He introduced the word "malaria"
into the English language... ...He also studied marsh fevers or
miasmas and introduced the word "malaria" into English in
1827 and examined its distribution from a topographical perspective.
1846 – George Westinghouse, American
engineer and businessman, founded the Westinghouse Air Brake Company
(d. 1914)
1887 – Le Corbusier, Swiss-French
architect and painter, designed the Philips Pavilion and
Saint-Pierre, Firminy (d. 1965)
1900 Vivion Mercer Lenon
Brewerhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vivion_Brewer (October 6, 1900 -
June 18, 1991)[1] was an American desegregationist, most notable for
being a founding member of the
Women's Emergency Committee to Open Our Schools
(WEC)
in 1958 during the desegregation of Central High School in Little
Rock, Arkansas. The women spoke out in favor of a special election to
remove segregationists from the Little Rock school board.
1903 Ernest Thomas Sinton Walton (6
October 1903 – 25 June 1995) was an Irish physicist and Nobel
laureate for his work with John Cockcroft with "atom-smashing"
experiments done at Cambridge University in the early 1930s, and so
became the first person in history to split the atom.
1908 Carole Lombard (born Jane Alice
Peters; October 6, 1908 – January 16, 1942) was an American film
actress. She was particularly noted for her energetic, often off-beat
roles in the screwball comedies of the 1930s. She was the
highest-paid star in Hollywood in the late 1930s.
Lombard's career was cut short when she
died at the age of 33 on board TWA Flight 3 on Mount Potosi, Nevada,
while returning from a war bond tour. Today, she is remembered as one
of the definitive actresses of the screwball comedy genre and
American comedy, and ranks among the American Film Institute's
greatest female stars of classic Hollywood cinema.
1910 – Barbara Castle, English
journalist and politician, First Secretary of State (d. 2002)
Meret (or Méret) Elisabeth Oppenheim
(6 October 1913 – 15 November 1985) was a German-born Swiss
Surrealist artist and photographer. Oppenheim was a member of the
Surrealist movement along with André Breton, Luis Buñuel, Max
Ernst, and other writers and visual artists. Besides creating art
objects, Oppenheim also famously appeared as a model for photographs
by Man Ray, most notably a series of nude shots of her interacting
with a printing press.
Meret Oppenheim was born on October
the 6th, 1913 in Berlin. Oppenheim was named after Meretlein, a wild
child who lives in the woods, from the novel Green Henry by Gottfried
Keller
Above Image: Meret Elisabeth Oppenheim
Self-portrait, skull and ornament, 1964.
1914 Thor Heyerdahl October 6, 1914 –
April 18, 2002) was a Norwegian adventurer and ethnographer with a
background in zoology, botany, and geography. He became notable for his
Kon-Tiki expedition in 1947,
in which he sailed 8,000 km (5,000 mi) across the Pacific Ocean in a
hand-built raft from South America to the Tuamotu Islands. The
expedition was designed to demonstrate that ancient people could have
made long sea voyages, creating contacts between separate cultures.
The raft was named Kon-Tiki after the
Inca god, Viracocha, for whom "Kon-Tiki" was said to be an
old name. Kon-Tiki is also the name of Heyerdahl's book, the
Academy Award-winning documentary film chronicling his adventures, and the
2012 dramatized feature film nominated for the Academy Award for Best
Foreign Language Film.
1914 Joan Maud Littlewood (6 October
1914 – 20 September 2002) was an English theatre director who
trained at the Royal Academy of Dramatic Arts, and is best known for
her work in developing the
Theatre Workshop. She has been
called "The Mother of Modern Theatre". Her production of
Oh, What a Lovely War! in 1963 was one of her most influential
pieces.
1915 Carolyn Elizabeth Goodman (née
Drucker; October 6, 1915 – August 17, 2007) was a clinical
psychologist who became a prominent civil rights advocate after her
son, Andrew Goodman and two other civil rights workers, James Chaney
and Michael Schwerner, were murdered by the Ku Klux Klan in Neshoba
County, Mississippi, in 1964.
Politically active until age 90,
Goodman came to wide public attention again in 2005. Traveling to
Philadelphia, Mississippi, she testified at the murder trial of Edgar
Ray Killen, a former Klan leader recently indicted in the case. On
June 21, 2005, the 41st anniversary of the killings, a jury acquitted
Killen of murder but found him guilty of manslaughter in the deaths
of Goodman, Chaney, and Schwerner.
Spartacus Educational Publishers Ltd. on Andrew Goodman.
1917
Fannie Lou Hamer; October 6, 1917 – March 14, 1977) was an American
voting and women's rights activist, community organizer, and a leader
in the civil rights movement. She was the co-founder and vice-chair
of the Freedom Democratic Party, which she represented at the 1964
Democratic National Convention. Hamer also organized Mississippi's
Freedom Summer along with the Student Nonviolent Coordinating
Committee (SNCC). She was also a co-founder of the National Women's
Political Caucus, an organization created to recruit, train, and
support women of all races who wish to seek election to government
office.
1921
Joseph Echols Lowery (born October 6,
1921) is an American minister in the United Methodist Church and
leader in the Civil Rights Movement. He later became the third
president of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference, after
Martin Luther King Jr. and his immediate successor, Ralph Abernathy,
and participated in most of the major activities of the Civil Rights
Movement of the 1960s
1934 Marshall Rosenberg (October 6,
1934 – February 7, 2015) was an American psychologist, mediator,
author and teacher. Starting in the early 1960s he developed
Nonviolent Communication,
a process for supporting partnership and resolving conflict within
people, in relationships, and in society. He worked worldwide as a
peacemaker and in 1984 founded the
Center for Nonviolent Communication an international non-profit
organization for which he served as Director of Educational Services.
According to Little, Rosenberg's early work with children with
learning disabilities shows his interest in psycholinguistics and the
power of language, as well as his emphasis on collaboration. In its
initial development, the NVC model re-structured the pupil-teacher
relationship to give students greater responsibility for, and
decision-making related to, their own learning. The model has evolved
over the years to incorporate institutional power relationships
(i.e., police-citizen, boss-employee) and informal ones (i.e.
man-woman, rich-poor, adult-youth, parent-child). The ultimate aim is
to develop societal relationships based on a restorative,
"partnership" paradigm and mutual respect, rather than a
retributive, fear-based, "domination" paradigm. Little also says Rosenberg identified
Mahatma Gandhi as an inspiration for the NVC model, and that
Rosenberg's goal was to develop a practical process for interaction
rooted in the philosophy of
Ahimsa, which Little translates as "the
overflowing love that arises when all ill-will, anger, and hate have
subsided from the heart.
1936
Julius LeVonne Chambers (October 6,
1936 – August 2, 2013) was an American lawyer, civil rights leader
and educator. Chambers grew up during the Jim Crow era in rural
Montgomery County, North Carolina. As a child, Chambers saw first
hand the effects of discrimination when his father's auto repair
business became a target of racial injustice in 1948.
1941 –
Paul Popham, (October 6, 1941 – May 7, 1987) was
an American gay rights activist who was a founder of the
Gay Men's Health Crisis
and served as its president from 1981 until 1985. He also helped
found and was chairman of the AIDS Action Council, a lobbying
organization in Washington. He was the basis for the character of
Bruce Niles in
Larry Kramer's The Normal Heart,
which was one of the first plays to address the HIV/AIDS crisis.
1946 Millicent Dolly May Small, CD
(born 6 October 1946), is a Jamaican singer-songwriter, best known
for her 1964 recording of "My Boy Lollipop." >>
video<<;
1948 Gerard Adams (Irish: Gearóid Mac
Ádhaimh; born 6 October 1948) is an Irish republican politician who
was the Leader of the
SinnFéin political party
between 13 November 1983 and 10 February 2018, and has been a Teachta
Dála (TD) for Louth since the 2011 general election. From 1983
to 1992 and from 1997 to 2011, he was an abstentionist Member of
Parliament (MP) of the British Parliament for the Belfast West
constituency.
1948
Glenn Branca (October 6, 1948 –
May 13, 2018) was an American avant-garde composer and guitarist
known for his use of volume, alternative guitar tunings,
repetition, droning, and the harmonic series. Branca received a 2009
Foundation for Contemporary Arts Grants to Artists Award. ;
video;
Above The Original Super Soaker 30 was rereleased in 1991.
1949
Lonnie George Johnson (born
October 6, 1949) is an American inventor and engineer who holds more
than 120 patents. He is the inventor of the Super Soaker water gun,
which has been among the world's bestselling toys every year since
its release....As a child, Johnson was very innovative and curious,
some of this curiosity coming at the expense of his family's
possessions. He reverse engineered his sister's doll to understand
how the eyes closed. He also almost burned down his own house while
making rocket fuel. In addition, he built his own go-cart out of a
lawnmower engine and attached to scraps he found in the junkyard to
it....When he finished, he earned a B.S. in Mechanical Engineering
and a master's degree in Nuclear Engineering from Tuskegee
University....
1951 Kevin Patrick Cronin (born October
6, 1951) is the lead vocalist, rhythm guitarist, and occasional
pianist for the American rock band, REO Speedwagon. REO Speedwagon
had several hits on the Billboard Hot 100 throughout the 1980s,
including two chart-toppers written by Cronin: "Keep on Loving
You" (1981) and "Can't Fight This Feeling" (1985).
>>
video<<
1954 David Kent Hidalgo (born October
6, 1954, in Los Angeles is an American singer-songwriter, best known
for his work with the band Los Lobos. Hidalgo frequently plays
musical instruments such as accordion, violin, 6-string banjo, cello,
requinto jarocho, percussion, drums and guitar as a session musician
on other artists' releases.
>>
video<<
1956 Kathleen Webb (born October 6,
1956) is an American comic book writer and artist and one of the
first female writers for Archie Comics.
1966
Thomas Eugene Stinson (born October 6,
1966) is an American rock musician. He came to prominence in the
1980s as the bass guitarist for The Replacements, one of the
definitive American alternative rock groups. After their breakup in
1991, Stinson formed Bash & Pop, acting as lead vocalist,
guitarist and frontman. In the mid-1990s he was the singer and
bassist for the rock band Perfect, and eventually joined the hard
rock band Guns N' Roses in 1998.
1986 Meg Myers (born October 6, 1986)
is an American singer-songwriter and musician. Originally from
Tennessee, Myers moved to Los Angeles to pursue music and met Doctor
Rosen Rosen, who signed her to his production company. In 2012, Myers
released her first EP, Daughter in the Choir. Later that year, she
signed to Atlantic Records, with which she released the Make a Shadow
EP (2014) and her debut album, Sorry (2015). She later departed
Atlantic for 300 Entertainment and released Take Me to the Disco, her
second album, in 2018. oh my!
>>
video<<
World Space Week is an annual
holiday observed from 4 to 10 October in various parts of the world,
including Europe and Asia. World Space Week is officially defined as
"an international celebration of science and technology, and
their contribution to the betterment of the human condition".
I have been doing this history on Facebook for a while. Thought I would try this format.
The links below I used with Facebook and will add them here as I get more used to the process:
Activist of
the Day Happy Birthday, Born This Day:
Birthday
Spotlight, Born This Day:
Happy Birthday,
Born This Day:
Born This Day:
Born This Day:
Born This Day:
Born This Day:
Born This Day:
My Featured Artist
of the Day...
Noted Biography of the Day.
Born
This Day:
Entity of the Day. Born This Day:
DEATHS OCTOBER 3rd:
Holidays and Observances October 5th:
Quote
of the Day By:
Historical Spotlight of the Day:
Peace Activist of the Day, born September 4th:
Interesting Entity of the Day. Happy
Birthday:
Artist of the Day Born
This Day:
EVENT
ON THIS DAY OCTOBER 6th:
HISTORICAL
EVENTS ON THIS DAY OCTOBER 6th:
HISTORICAL EVENTS ON THIS DAY OCTOBER 6th:
HISTORICAL EVENTS ON THIS DAY OCTOBER 6th:
HISTORICAL EVENTS ON THIS DAY OCTOBER 6th:
Activist and Peace Event(s) on this Day October 6th:
Activist of the Day #1 born this day:
Activist
of the Day #2 born this day:
PEACE
AND WAR EVENT ON THIS DAY OCTOBER 4th:
Artist of the Day:
Bizarre
History of the Day October 4th:
Prehistory:
Ancient History:
Future History:
Word (s) of the Day
Quote of the Day:
